Water and Wastewater Management

BCH recognizes the importance of water as a vital resource essential to hospital operations and has established a framework for sustainable water management.

This includes efficient water use, water reuse, and wastewater treatment before discharge to the environment. Amid increasing climate change impacts, such as droughts, floods, and limited access to water resources, BCH prioritizes effective water management to minimize impacts on surrounding communities and the environment while preventing water stress. The company has implemented various system improvements, including upgrades to cooling towers and air conditioning systems, to reduce both water and energy consumption in parallel.

SDG 6

Clean Water and Sanitation

SDG 12

Responsible Consumption and Production

Goals

Water Consumption Reduction

Reduce the ratio of water consumption across all hospitals in the network per total revenue

0.3% by 2027, compared with the 2024 baseline.

Efficient Water and Wastewater Management

Focus on continuous water management within and around hospital areas, increasing opportunities for water reuse, and ensuring wastewater treatment meets environmental standards before discharge to natural water sources. BCH also monitors water consumption regularly to ensure efficiency and sustainability.

Key Operational Highlights 2025

ESG Performance Data

Water Withdrawal

700,867.00

m³

Water Withdrawal per Revenue

59.23

m³ / Revenue (Billion Baht)

No incidents

of non-compliance with water-related laws and regulations.

Water Risk Management

The Company recognizes that water is a critical resource for healthcare services and business continuity. The Company regularly conducts water stress assessments across its healthcare facilities using the Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) to evaluate water risk levels in each location. The assessment results are incorporated into water resource management planning, water efficiency initiatives, and preparedness measures to address potential future water-related risks.

The 2025 assessment found that the Company's healthcare facilities are located in areas with water stress levels ranging from Medium–High to Extremely High. Based on the assessment results, the Company prioritizes water consumption monitoring, water efficiency improvement, inspection and maintenance of water supply systems to minimize water losses, and implementation of water management measures appropriate to the risk level of each location. These efforts support the continuity of healthcare services and enhance the Company's resilience to long-term water-related risks.

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Water Withdrawal by Water Stress Level, 2025

Water Stress Level	Number of Healthcare Facilities	Water Withdrawal (m³)	Share of Total Water Withdrawal (%)
Medium-High	9	360,694.00	50.34
High	5	186,878.55	26.08
Extremely High	3	169,021.00	23.59
Total	17	716,593.55	100

Note:

Medium-High: Kasemrad Hospital Prachachuen, World Medical Hospital, Kasemrad Hospital Prachinburi, Kasemrad Hospital Sriburin, Kasemrad Hospital Maesai, Kasemrad Hospital Saraburi, Kasemrad International Hospital Vientiane, Kasemrad Ari Radiotherapy Center, and Kasemrad Sriburin Chiang Saen Clinic.
High: Kasemrad Hospital Rattanatibeth, Kasemrad International Hospital Rattanatibeth, Kasemrad Hospital Chachoengsao, Kasemrad Hospital Pathum Thani, and Karunvej Hospital Ayutthaya.
Extremely High: Kasemrad Hospital Ramkhamhaeng, Kasemrad Hospital Bangkae, and Kasemrad International Hospital Aranyaprathet.
Water stress levels were assessed using the Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI).

Water Sources

In 2025, the Company's operations relied on municipal water supply and groundwater. Municipal water represented the primary water source, accounting for 93.57% of total water withdrawal, while groundwater accounted for 6.43%. The Company did not withdraw water from surface water, seawater, or other alternative water sources during the reporting year.

Water Source	Water Withdrawal (m³)	Percentage (%)
Municipal Water Supply	670,493.55	93.57
Groundwater	46,100.00	6.43
Total	716,593.55	100

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Water Risk Management Approach

The Company uses the results of its water risk assessment to develop water management measures tailored to the context of each healthcare facility. Key initiatives include improving water use efficiency, inspecting and maintaining water supply systems to minimize water losses, continuously monitoring water withdrawal, and promoting water conservation awareness among employees.

For healthcare facilities located in areas with High and Extremely High water stress, the Company places greater emphasis on closely monitoring local water conditions and regularly reviewing its water management measures. These efforts support the continuity of healthcare services, strengthen operational resilience, and help reduce potential impacts associated with water-related risks.

Business Impacts of Water Risks

Water-related risks may affect the continuity of healthcare services, increase utility costs, and impact the management of water resources across the Company's healthcare facilities, particularly those located in areas with higher levels of water stress. The Company therefore incorporates the results of its water risk assessments into water resource management planning, water efficiency initiatives, and ongoing performance monitoring to strengthen operational resilience and enhance preparedness for potential water-related risks in the future.

Monitoring and Continuous Improvement

The Company monitors its water performance through key indicators, including water withdrawal and water intensity, and regularly reviews the effectiveness of its water management measures. The results are used to identify opportunities for improvement, enhance water resource management practices, and support the achievement of the Company's long-term water efficiency targets.

Management and Operation Approach

Water Risk Assessment and Evaluation

Conduct studies on factors and impacts related to water use and local water scarcity conditions to develop risk mitigation measures and strengthen water security for hospital operations.

Water Recycling and Reuse Management

elop processes for reusing treated water in suitable activities, such as cooling systems or treatment operations, to enhance water use efficiency, reduce the need for new water sources, and promote sustainable water resource conservation.

Application of Technology and Innovation for Water Management

Adopt appropriate technologies and innovations to reduce water consumption, improve operational efficiency, and integrate energy-efficient practices to establish a sustainable and effective resource management system in the long term.

Water Quality Control and Wastewater Management

Ensure that wastewater treatment and management comply with environmental standards and legal requirements, while continuously monitoring water quality to minimize potential impacts on communities and the surrounding environment.

BCH places great importance on efficient wastewater management by engaging external experts to oversee the hospital’s wastewater treatment systems and continuously monitor water quality.

Water samples are collected monthly to analyze key quality indicators, including pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness, Total Coliform Bacteria, and Total Fecal Coliform Bacteria.

In addition, water samples from various points within the hospitals are collected annually to test for Total Coliform, E. coli, and Standard Plate Count (microbial count). The results fully comply with the Department of Health’s Water Supply Quality Standards (2020).

For wastewater management, BCH treats wastewater through a standardized treatment system and performs regular quality inspections. The 2024 annual assessment confirmed that the treated wastewater quality meets the standards set by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Notification B.E. 2548) before being discharged into the public system.